Verb tense tells you when the action happens.
| Simple | Progressive | Perfect | Perfect Progressive | |
| Present | finish | am/is/are finishing | have/has finished | have/has been finishing |
| Past | finished | was/were finishing | had finished | had been finishing |
| Future | will finish | will be finishing | will have finished | will have been finishing |
SIMPLE TENSE
Things to remember about simple tense:
a. Present tense is the original verb form.
b. Past tense has a few patterns.
c. Future tense needs will (shall) + verb.
EXAMPLE : "run"
b. Past tense has a few patterns.
c. Future tense needs will (shall) + verb.
EXAMPLE : "run"
- I run a marathon twice a year. (present)
- I ran a marathon last year. (past)
- I will run a marathon next year. (future)
EXAMPLE : "eat"
- I eat lunch in my office. (present)
- I ate lunch an hour ago. (past)
- I will eat lunch in one hour. (future)
Progressive - "-ing"
a. involves action that am, is, are
b. past progressive that was and were
c.future progressive verbs are formed with a "be" verb + ing.
EXAMPLE :"run"
- I am running a marathon right now. (present progressive)
- I was running a marathon at this time last year. (past progressive)
- I will be running a marathon next Sunday. (future progressive)
EXAMPLE 2 "eat"
- I am eating lunch now.
- I was eating lunch when you saw me.
- I will be eating lunch in the meeting
Perfect Tense - "-ed"
a)Use has/have + the past participle form of the verb.
b)Use had + the past participle form of the verb.
c)Use will have + the past participle form of the verb.
EXAMPLE : "run"
- I have run several marathons this year. (present perfect)
- I had run many marathons in the past. (past perfect)
- I will have run a marathon by the time I turn 30. (future perfect)
EXAMPLE 2 : "cook"
- I have cooked supper every night this week.
- I had cooked supper every night until the stove broke.
- I will have cooked supper every night by the time this diet ends.
Perfect Progressive Tense "been"+ -"ing"
menerangkan tindakan yang berulang-ulang dalam tempoh masa lalu, sekarang, dan masa hadapan
a) the action has some relation to the present time. Use have/has + been + ing.
b) illustrates a continuous action in the past that was completed before another past action. Use had + been + ing.
c) indicates a continuous action that will be completed in the future. Use will + have + been + ing.
EXAMPLE:"RUN"
- I have been running, and I am still tired.
- I had been running, and I was still tired
- By next summer, I will have been running for almost a year, and I will be fit and healthy.
EXAMPLE 2 " practise"
- I have been running, and I am still tired.
- She had been practicing the piano, and she had gotten much better.
- By the time of the concert, she will have been practicing the piano for several months, and she will be much better.
